Tuesday, 26 January 2021

THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD, THE MAUSOLEUM OF HALICARNASSUS

 

The mausoleum of Halicarnassus like the great pyramid of Giza was the burial place of an ancient king and qualified as one of the seven wonders because like the Temple of Artemis it had great beauty.

The building stood on a stepped podium whose sides were decorated with statues and in the burial chamber was surrounded by Ionic columns and the sarcophagus was of white alabaster decorated with gold.

The colonnade supported a pyramid roof which was in turn decorated with fine statues and the very top of the tomb was adorned by a statue of a chariot pulled by four horses.

The mausoleum was built in the city of Halicarnassus now called Bodrum in south western Turkey on the coast of the Aegean Sea.

King Maussollos of Caria reigned over all of western turkey as a governor or satrap for the Persian Empire from 377 to 353 BC.

Maussollos was a rather unremarkable ruler and but for the beautiful tomb conceived by his wife and sister he would probably have been completely forgotten.

It was three years after Maussollos death around 350 BC that The Mausoleum was completed and For 16 centuries, it remained in good condition until the roof and colonnade was damaged by an earthquake.

When the Knights of St John invaded the region in the early fifteenth century they built a huge crusader castle and when it was fortified in 1494 it was stones from the Mausoleum that they.

Over the next 30 years almost every block of stone and marble had been used by the crusaders for construction.

The great crusader castle still stands in Bodrum and the mausoleum’s polished stone and marble blocks are easy to see in the walls of the structure.

At the site of the Mausoleum only the foundations remain while some of the sculptures and parts of frieze are on display at the British Museum in London.

So the name of the unremarkable King Maussollos lives on all around the world where in every city families continue to place loved ones in tombs or more accurately mausoleums.

 

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